Guitar styles are constantly evolving, but there are 5 disciplines highlighted here, that have influenced guitarists all over the world to some degree. Music genres undergo generational changes in terminology which makes it even more important for guitarists to learn about the history of the instrument from Classical through to modern Punk.
Modern contemporary styles that have derived from the earlier 'classic' genres include Indie, Alternative, Garage, Post Punk, New Wave, Industrial and so the list goes on. Studying these guitar styles is important, but isn't going to turn you into a guitar playing musician.
All contemporary guitar styles take influence from the 'classic' styles that have shaped many of the iconic guitar legends, and still provide the training ground for guitarists who are passionate about the instrument and truly mastering it.